Injectable Peptide Therapy: A Primer for Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Physicians

Summary

Narrative review written as a primer for orthopaedic surgeons and sports medicine physicians on popular injectable peptides. Based on a PubMed literature search of biochemical and clinical studies, it evaluates BPC-157, TB-4, TB-500, CJC-1295 + ipamorelin, tesamorelin and GHK-Cu. For CJC-1295, the review considers it only in combination with ipamorelin, and the supporting evidence it identifies is from mice.

Key Findings

• CJC-1295 combined with ipamorelin showed significantly improved maximum tetanic tension in murine models of glucocorticoid-induced muscle loss
• These CJC-1295 + ipamorelin findings are limited to animal studies
• Across the peptides reviewed, the indications, dosing, frequency and duration of treatment remain unknown
• The authors stress that orthopaedic and sports medicine providers should understand the current lack of evidence supporting clinical use of these peptides

Relevance to CJC-1295

A 2026 orthopaedic-journal assessment of where CJC-1295 stands: the only supporting evidence the abstract reports for musculoskeletal use is an animal model of steroid-induced muscle loss, tested with CJC-1295 plus ipamorelin. Useful for framing CJC-1295 content honestly, since the review finds no human orthopaedic data and no established dosing. Cross-references Ipamorelin, TB-500, BPC-157, GHK-Cu and Tesamorelin, which the same review covers.

Citation

Mayfield CK, Bolia IK, Feingold CL, Lin EH, Liu JN, Rick Hatch GF, Gamradt SC, Weber AE. Am J Sports Med. 2026;54(1):223-229. doi: 10.1177/03635465251357593. PMID: 41476424

See Also

• Parent compound: CJC-1295
• Ipamorelin
• TB-500
• BPC-157
• GHK-Cu
• Tesamorelin
• Sermorelin