Comprehensive review · PMID 41209547
Exploring the Role of Tripeptides in Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review — VialBase Research
GHK-based formulations enhance fibroblast migration, ECM remodeling, collagen/elastin synthesis
Last updated · 2025 · Adnan SB, Maarof M, Fauzi MB, Fadilah NIM · International Journal of Medical Sciences
Key findings
- GHK-based formulations enhance fibroblast migration, ECM remodeling, collagen/elastin synthesis
- TriHex and TriHex 2.0 clinical derivatives demonstrate wound closure and antimicrobial activity
- GHK nanoparticle conjugates and hydrogels show enhanced bioavailability
- Tripeptides regulate cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and angiogenesis
- GHK compared with KdPT, KPV, lipotripeptides (DICAMs), and GPE
PMID 41209547 — Tripeptides in Wound Healing Review
Compound: GHK Citation: Adnan SB et al. Int J Med Sci. 2025;22(16):4175-4200. doi:10.7150/ijms.118118
Summary
Comprehensive review of tripeptides in wound healing and skin regeneration, covering studies from 2016-2025. GHK is the primary focus alongside KdPT, KPV, lipotripeptides, and GPE.
Key Findings on GHK
- GHK-based formulations: Nanoparticle conjugates, hydrogels, and clinical derivatives (TriHex, TriHex 2.0) all demonstrate efficacy
- Mechanisms: Enhances fibroblast migration, ECM remodeling, collagen and elastin synthesis, wound closure
- Antimicrobial: GHK formulations provide antimicrobial activity alongside wound healing
- Comparison: GHK is the most versatile tripeptide reviewed; KdPT focuses on oxidative stress in hyperglycemia; KPV on inflammation/MRSA; DICAMs on biofilm disruption
Clinical Relevance
Positions GHK as the leading tripeptide for wound healing applications. The TriHex derivatives represent the most clinically advanced GHK-based products, used in post-procedure dermatology.